Recently, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued the "Plan for Accelerating the Building of a Strong Agricultural Country (2024–2035)" and sent out a notice requiring all regions and departments to conscientiously implement the plan in light of their actual conditions.

The main contents of the “Plan for Accelerating the Building of a Strong Agricultural Country (2024–2035)” are as follows.

To become a strong nation, we must first strengthen agriculture; only when agriculture is strong can the nation itself become strong. An agricultural powerhouse is the cornerstone of a modern socialist country. Faced with new situations and new demands, we must regard accelerating the building of an agricultural powerhouse as the overarching strategic guideline for “agriculture, rural areas, and farmers” work and place it prominently in the drive to build a modern socialist country. To accelerate the construction of an agricultural powerhouse, this plan has been formulated.

I. General Requirements

We will unswervingly adhere to the guiding principles of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, thoroughly implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Second and Third Plenary Sessions of the 20th Central Committee, fully carry out General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important discourses on “agriculture, rural areas, and farmers” work, comprehensively and accurately implement the new development philosophy, accelerate the establishment of a new development pattern, and focus on promoting high-quality development. Grounded in China’s national conditions and agricultural realities, we will embody Chinese characteristics, maintain strategic composure, persist in sustained efforts over the long term, uphold the priority development of agriculture and rural areas, draw upon the experience of the “Ten Million Projects,” establish sound, long-term mechanisms for promoting the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas, improve the institutional framework for integrated urban-rural development, and advance agricultural modernization and rural modernization in a coordinated manner. We will further strengthen our commitment to safeguarding the bottom line of national food security and upholding the red line for arable land protection at a higher level, accelerate the construction of livable, workable, and beautiful countryside, and vigorously and effectively promote the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas. We will speed up the building of an agricultural power characterized by strong supply guarantees, advanced science and technology equipment, robust business systems, resilient industries, and enhanced competitiveness, enabling the vast majority of farmers to lead even better lives and providing strong support for fully advancing the cause of building a great modern country and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese-style modernization.

In our work, we must: consolidate production capacity and lay a solid foundation; place greater emphasis on enhancing agricultural comprehensive productivity; closely focus on addressing the shortcomings in ensuring the supply of grain and other important agricultural products; and build strong foundations in terms of infrastructure, technology, equipment, policies, and institutions, thereby firmly securing our initiative in food security at a high level. We should foster innovation-driven development and cultivate robust growth momentum by upholding innovation’s central role in the overall modernization drive, strengthening the dual-engine impetus of science and technology and reform, intensifying efforts to tackle key core technologies in agriculture, further deepening rural reforms comprehensively, and boosting agricultural innovation, competitiveness, and total-factor productivity—thus bolstering the long-term momentum for building a strong agricultural nation. We must embrace green and low-carbon development and highlight our distinctive character by firmly establishing the philosophy that “lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets.” We should accelerate the establishment of green and low-carbon production and lifestyle patterns, making green circularity and low-carbon development the defining features of a strong agricultural nation. We should promote co-construction and shared benefits, enriching farmers’ livelihoods while paying close attention to safeguarding the interests of smallholder farmers. Focusing on continuously increasing farmers’ incomes and narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas, we will coordinate and advance industrial development and employment opportunities, improve support systems aimed at strengthening agriculture, benefiting farmers, and enriching rural communities, and firmly uphold the bottom line against large-scale relapse into poverty. This will foster common prosperity between urban and rural areas and ensure that the fruits of building a strong agricultural nation benefit farmers more equitably. We must proceed step by step, steadily and surely, based on our resource endowments and stage of development, adapting to demographic trends, respecting the laws governing rural development, and starting with the most pressing practical issues and those most keenly felt by farmers. Tailoring solutions to local conditions and focusing on effectiveness, we will advance steadily and pragmatically in stages.

The primary goals are: By 2027, significant progress will be made in building a strong agricultural country. Substantial progress will be achieved in the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas, and agricultural and rural modernization will reach a new level. The capacity for stable production and supply will be consolidated and enhanced, with total grain production capacity reaching 1.4 trillion jin, and key agricultural products maintaining a reasonable level of self-sufficiency. Support from agricultural science and technology equipment will continue to strengthen, breakthroughs will be made in tackling critical core technologies, remarkable progress will be achieved in seed research and development, and phased results will be realized in addressing shortcomings in agricultural machinery and equipment. A modern rural industrial system will be basically established, with extended and expanded industrial, supply, and value chains, further enhancing the international competitiveness of agriculture. Positive progress will be made in building livable, work-friendly, and beautiful countryside, with notable improvements in the rural ecological environment. Concentrated efforts will be made to deliver a batch of practical, tangible benefits that the public can feel and access, gradually making travel, water access, and toilet facilities more convenient, and steadily improving wastewater treatment, medical care services, elderly care security, rural customs and civilization, and the ability of industries to benefit farmers. Achievements in poverty alleviation will be consolidated and expanded, with per capita disposable income of rural residents growing roughly in sync with GDP growth, and the income gap between urban and rural residents continuing to narrow. By 2035, significant achievements will be made in building a strong agricultural country. Decisive progress will be made in the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas, basic agricultural modernization will be realized, and rural areas will essentially have modern living conditions. Grain production capacity will be solidified, and supply will become even more secure; rural industrial chains will be upgraded and perfected, with deeper integration; rural infrastructure will be complete and well-equipped, making daily life more convenient; public services in rural areas will be universally accessible and better guaranteed; the rule of law in agriculture and rural areas will be further improved; the rural governance system will be basically sound, fostering greater social stability; farmers’ incomes will grow steadily, and urban-rural development will become more coordinated. By mid-century, a fully developed strong agricultural country will be built. Supply guarantees will be safe and reliable; scientific and technological innovation will be independent and self-reliant; infrastructure and equipment will be fully equipped and well-matched; rural industrial chains will be sound and highly efficient; rural areas will be civilized, picturesque, and beautiful; farmers will enjoy happy and fulfilling lives; international competitive advantages will be prominent; urban-rural integration will be comprehensive; rural revitalization will be complete; and agricultural and rural modernization will be fully realized.

II. Strengthen the foundation of food security in all aspects and ensure that Chinese people’s “rice bowls” are more secure and stable.

Treat ensuring the stable and secure supply of food and important agricultural products as the top priority, implement the strategies of "storing grain in land" and "storing grain in technology," and lay a solid material foundation for accelerating the building of a strong agricultural country.

(1) Strengthen comprehensively the protection and development of cultivated land. Improve and refine the “three-in-one” protection system that integrates the quantity, quality, and ecological aspects of cultivated land; reform and enhance the system for balancing cultivated land occupation with replenishment; bring all types of cultivated land use under unified management; and improve the acceptance and verification mechanisms for newly reclaimed cultivated land to ensure compliance with balance standards. Firmly uphold the red lines for protecting 1.865 billion mu of cultivated land and 1.546 billion mu of permanent basic farmland. Implement targeted governance and improvement measures for saline-alkali lands based on regional and local conditions, and promote the development of reserve cultivated land resources such as saline-alkali lands in ways suited to local circumstances. Prioritize the conversion of cultivated land in the Northeast black soil region, plain areas, and regions with adequate irrigation facilities into high-standard farmland, raise construction standards and quality, and gradually convert all eligible permanent basic farmland into high-standard farmland. Perfect the mechanisms for constructing, accepting, and managing high-standard farmland, and establish a sound quality supervision and inspection system for farmland construction projects. Launch an initiative to increase organic matter content in cultivated land, strengthen the protection and utilization of black soils, and address the degradation of cultivated land. Enhance the construction and renovation of modern irrigation districts, and improve the network of agricultural water conservancy infrastructure. Comprehensively enhance agriculture’s capacity for disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief.

(2) Enhance the production levels of grain and other important agricultural products. Solidly advance the new round of action to boost grain production capacity by 100 billion jin, deeply implement large-scale yield-increase initiatives for major crops such as grains and oilseeds, and accelerate the construction of national grain-security industrial belts. Stabilize rice and wheat production, and promote structural optimization and quality improvement. Develop tuber and coarse grain crops tailored to local conditions. Tap into the production potential of oilseed crops such as rapeseed and peanuts, and expand sources of edible oils including camellia oil and animal fats. Strengthen the “vegetable basket” mayors’ responsibility system, develop south-to-north vegetable transportation and vegetable production in cool and temperate regions, promote high-quality development of the hog industry, enhance the competitiveness of the dairy sector, launch initiatives to increase both the quantity and quality of pork, beef, and mutton, and develop modern fisheries. Actively cultivate and promote superior sugarcane varieties, and accelerate the upgrading of mechanization levels. Promote the renewal and renovation of aging natural rubber plantations, and speed up the construction of specialized rubber plantations.

(3) Improve policies supporting grain production. Fully implement the Party and government joint responsibility system for farmland protection and food security, and firmly enforce the responsibility of ensuring adequate supply of “rice bags.” Establish and improve a management system to guarantee that farmland is used for cultivating staple crops, ensuring that the sown area for grains remains stable at around 1.75 billion mu and the area dedicated to cereals stays at about 1.45 billion mu. Accelerate the establishment of mechanisms to safeguard farmers’ incomes from grain production, refine policy frameworks including pricing, subsidies, and insurance, and promote the maintenance of reasonable price levels for grains and other important agricultural products. Enhance the risk-sharing mechanism for major agricultural disasters through agricultural insurance. Improve the benefit-compensation mechanism for major grain-producing regions, refine the reward and subsidy system for counties that are major grain producers, and direct central budgetary investments toward key grain-producing areas. Provincial-level pooled revenues from land transfers may, in accordance with regulations, be allocated to high-standard farmland construction and modern seed industry upgrading in major grain-producing regions. Furthermore, establish a coordinated inter-provincial horizontal benefit-compensation mechanism between grain-producing and grain-consuming regions.

(4) Strengthen the reserve and regulation of grain and important agricultural products. Accelerate the improvement of the national reserve system. Promote coordinated reforms of the mechanisms governing grain procurement, sales, and reserve management, and establish new regulatory models. Enhance the end-to-end monitoring and early-warning system for grain and important agricultural products. Implement initiatives to reduce and replace soybean meal in animal feed, and promote low-protein diet technologies. Establish sound long-term mechanisms for saving grain and food, and advance conservation and loss reduction across all links and stages of the grain production, harvesting, storage, transportation, processing, and consumption chains. Further refine the system for combating food waste.

(5) Build a diversified food supply system. Adopt a broad agricultural and food perspective, tapping into food resources through comprehensive and multi-faceted approaches. On the premise of safeguarding the ecological environment, develop woody oilseed and grain crops. Promote the production of high-quality, water-efficient, and high-yield forage crops. Develop large-scale ecological fisheries in open waters, advance the construction of land-based and deep-sea aquaculture farms, and regulate the development of nearshore fishing and distant-water fisheries. Implement an action plan to modernize facility agriculture, building modern farming and breeding facilities that are standardized, equipped with advanced technology, and highly productive, and fostering new agricultural models such as agricultural factories. Develop biotechnology and bio-industries, strengthen the edible mushroom industry, and promote the industrialization of synthetic biology.

III. Promote innovation in agricultural science and technology equipment across all fields, and accelerate the achievement of high-level self-reliance and strength in agricultural science and technology.

Guided by tackling key core technologies in agriculture and driven by the urgent needs of industrial sectors, we will accelerate agricultural scientific and technological innovation—with a particular focus on seed industry—and promote major breakthroughs in agricultural science and technology. By fostering the development of new-quality agricultural productivity, we will advance the building of a strong agricultural nation.

(6) Accelerate the overall leapfrogging of agricultural science and technology innovation capabilities. Strengthen the building of national agricultural science and technology strategic forces, provide stable support for basic agricultural research and public-interest scientific research institutions, cultivate leading agricultural technology enterprises, and establish an agricultural science and technology innovation system characterized by clear hierarchical structure, division of labor and collaboration, and appropriate competition. Enhance the forward-looking, strategic, and systematic planning of basic agricultural research, and accelerate breakthroughs in fields such as genomics, preventive veterinary medicine, mechanisms underlying the outbreak of major pests and diseases, and the disaster-causing factors of meteorological hazards. Improve the conditions of national laboratories and key national laboratories in the agricultural sector, and build a number of world-class agricultural research institutions and research-oriented agricultural universities. Strengthen the commercialization of agricultural scientific and technological achievements, and promote deepened cooperation between major agricultural production areas and regions with vibrant scientific and technological innovation. Intensify protection of agricultural intellectual property rights and crack down on infringement. Establish and improve an agricultural science and technology extension system that integrates public-interest and commercial functions, and strengthen the development of grassroots agricultural extension teams.

(7) Promote comprehensive breakthroughs in independent innovation in the seed industry. Deeply implement the Seed Industry Revitalization Initiative, and accelerate the achievement of self-reliance and strength in seed technology as well as independent control over seed resources. Strengthen the protection and utilization of germplasm resources, build world-class national facilities for the preservation, identification, creation, and gene mining of agricultural germplasm resources, and promote the exchange and sharing of germplasm resources. Implement joint research programs for breeding and livestock and poultry genetic improvement plans, and accelerate the development of the Nanfan Silicon Valley. Launch major special projects on biological breeding, select and breed high-oil, high-yield soybean varieties and salt-alkali-tolerant crops, and speed up the industrial application of biological breeding. Improve the system for protecting new plant varieties. Strengthen the construction of modern seed production and breeding bases, establish a robust support and promotion system for major varieties, and enhance the emergency seed supply and security system.

(8) Promote the comprehensive and all-round upgrading of agricultural machinery and equipment. Strengthen research and development and application of advanced, high-end, intelligent agricultural machinery, as well as small-scale machinery suitable for hilly and mountainous regions, and key components thereof, to accelerate the full-scale domestic production of agricultural machinery and equipment that can comprehensively support high-quality and efficient agricultural development. Advance the scrapping and renewal of outdated agricultural machinery, and optimize the structure of agricultural machinery and equipment. Develop industrial clusters for critical agricultural machinery and equipment, establishing an industrial landscape in which upstream and downstream enterprises, along with those in related fields such as engineering and electronics, collaborate closely and stably. Promote the deep integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy, ensuring seamless coordination among R&D and manufacturing of agricultural machinery, maturation and standardization, and promotion and application, thereby achieving full coverage of high-performance agricultural machinery and equipment across the entire chain—from seed production and cultivation to processing and value addition.

(9) Promote the comprehensive integration of digital technologies with modern agriculture. Establish and improve an integrated sky-and-ground agricultural observation network, refine the statistical survey and monitoring system for agriculture and rural areas, build a big data platform for agriculture and rural areas that covers all sectors and features multi-level connectivity, and enhance mechanisms for the development and utilization of agricultural-related data. Develop smart agricultural technologies with independent intellectual property rights, improve the smart agriculture standards system, and unleash the digital productivity of agriculture and rural areas. Implement smart agriculture development projects, promote the digital upgrading of large-scale farms (ranches and fisheries), and foster smart agriculture clusters with complete industrial chains and coordinated collaboration.

4. Improve the modern agricultural management system across all stages, and promote the organic integration of smallholder farmers with the development of modern agriculture.

Consolidate and improve the basic rural operating system, firmly uphold the principle that the public ownership of land must not be altered, the red line for arable land must not be crossed, and the interests of farmers must not be harmed. Promote moderately scaled agricultural operations, foster high-quality development of agricultural business entities, and inject new vitality and momentum into accelerating the building of a strong agricultural nation.

(10) Enhance the intensive management level of household operations. Steadily advance pilot programs to extend the second round of land contracts by another 30 years after their expiration, and improve supporting systems for such extensions. Deepen the reform of separating ownership, contract rights, and operating rights of contracted land; strengthen mechanisms for exercising collective ownership of contracted land; legally protect the legitimate land rights of contracted households; and explore effective ways to activate land operating rights. Implement a capacity-building program for smallholder farmers, encouraging them to engage in production through methods such as joint household operations and collaborative farming and seedling cultivation.

(11) Promote the empowerment and activation of rural collective economic rights. Deepen reform of the rural collective property rights system and improve the supervision, management, and service system for rural collective assets. Leverage the advantages of rural collective economic organizations—being close to farmers, providing comprehensive services, and exerting broad-based influence—to enhance their coordinated and integrated role in supporting agricultural production. Develop new forms of rural collective economy, establish operational mechanisms characterized by clear property rights and fair distribution, and grant farmers more comprehensive property rights and benefits.

(12) Promote the quality improvement and efficiency enhancement of new types of agricultural business entities. Guide farmers to develop family farms and enhance their production and management capabilities. Support farmer cooperatives in voluntarily forming federations in accordance with the law, and encourage them to engage in agricultural product processing, warehousing and logistics, and marketing. Improve the agricultural operating system, refine the mechanism for determining transfer prices of contracted land management rights, promote cooperative farming among farmers, and align support policies for new agricultural business entities with measures aimed at boosting farmers’ incomes. Raise the level of agricultural industrialization and establish sound mechanisms for linking the interests of various market players with farmers. Deepen the comprehensive reform of supply and marketing cooperatives. Strengthen the unified management and service functions of state-owned farms, and promote integrated and coordinated development between urban and rural areas as well as between reclamation areas.

(13) Improve and enhance a convenient, efficient, and well-organized agricultural social service system. Strengthen capacity-building for agricultural social service providers and guide various agricultural-related entities to expand into the field of social services. Innovatively promote service models such as single-stage and multi-stage trusteeship, and extend services from grain and oil crops to economic crops, livestock and poultry breeding, aquaculture, and other sectors—while also broadening their scope from in-production activities to pre-production and post-production stages. Perfect standards for agricultural social services and elevate the level of standardized service delivery.

V. Promote the upgrading of the agricultural industrial system across the entire value chain to enhance the overall economic benefits of agriculture.

Leveraging the distinctive resources of agriculture and rural areas, we will develop agriculture’s multiple functions, tap into the diverse values of rural regions, and accelerate the establishment of a modern rural industrial system that integrates grain, economic crops, and feed production; combines agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fisheries; seamlessly links production, processing, and sales; and fosters the integration of agriculture, culture, and tourism—thus transforming agriculture into a modern, large-scale industry.

(14) Promote the optimization and upgrading of agricultural product processing and distribution. Improve the national R&D system for agricultural product processing technologies and develop a diverse range of high-quality processed products. Enhance the nationwide backbone network for agricultural product circulation, optimize the layout of cold-chain collection and distribution centers at production sites, and encourage counties, townships, and villages with demand to strengthen the construction of on-farm refrigeration and preservation facilities. Strengthen the logistics and distribution systems at the county, township, and village levels, and encourage major e-commerce platforms, logistics companies, and commercial enterprises to extend their reach into rural areas and develop rural e-commerce service outlets.

(15) Promote the upgrading of agriculture toward high quality and branding. Deeply advance efforts to improve agricultural varieties, enhance product quality, build strong brands, and promote standardized production, thereby increasing the supply of green and high-quality agricultural products. Implement an Agricultural Standardization Enhancement Program. Establish and improve systems for evaluating and certifying agricultural product quality, and refine the monitoring and regulatory framework for agricultural product safety and quality. Cultivate a group of regionally common brands, enterprise brands, and product brands that boast outstanding quality and strong competitiveness. Strengthen the cultural empowerment of Chinese agricultural brands and promote the integration of agricultural brands with elements of China’s excellent traditional culture.

(16) Accelerate the development of distinctive rural industries. Refine and enhance specialty agricultural and livestock production in rural areas, carefully select local specialty varieties, and promote specialty farming and animal husbandry practices that emphasize clean production at the source, compliance with standardized procedures throughout the entire process, and superior product quality. Innovatively develop rural specialty handicrafts, cultivate rural artisans, and advance the revitalization of traditional rural crafts. Deeply explore and develop rural cultural industries, and strengthen the protection of agricultural cultural heritage, ethnic villages, and traditional architecture.

(17) Promote the integrated development of rural industries. Advance upgrades across all links—production, processing, and distribution—and expand opportunities for value-added and efficiency improvements in these industries. Deeply advance the development of advantageous and distinctive industrial clusters, modern agricultural industrial parks, and strong agricultural towns, and implement projects for the integrated development of rural industries. Support and strengthen leading agricultural enterprises, scale up “chain leader” enterprises that drive industry development and regional flagship enterprises, and enhance the competitiveness of small and medium-sized enterprises, thereby fostering a business development landscape characterized by production synergy, technological complementarity, and shared resources. Vigorously cultivate new rural industries and business models, promote deep integration between agriculture and sectors such as tourism, education, and health care, and enrich leisure agriculture and rural tourism offerings.

(18) Accelerate the comprehensive green transformation of agriculture. Fully implement total-volume control and quota-based management of agricultural water use, carry out comprehensive governance of groundwater over-extraction, and deepen the integrated reform of agricultural water pricing. Improve the system of crop rotation and fallowing for cultivated land, and strengthen the remediation and safe utilization of contaminated farmland. Protect key biological species and genetic resources, and enhance biosecurity management in agriculture. Establish and improve a sound ledger system for important agricultural resources. Promote comprehensive prevention and control of non-point source pollution in agriculture, and develop eco-circular agriculture. Enhance the integrated protection and systematic governance mechanism for mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands, and sand. Implement effectively the ten-year fishing ban in the Yangtze River and the summer fishing moratorium in marine waters, and advance deep water conservation and control measures in the Yellow River basin. Establish a monitoring system for agricultural ecological and environmental protection. Promote comprehensive ecological compensation, improve horizontal ecological protection compensation mechanisms, and coordinate efforts to ensure compensation for ecological and environmental damage.

6. Further deepen agricultural cooperation with foreign countries and cultivate new competitive advantages in the global agricultural market.

Uphold cooperation through openness and achieve win-win outcomes through collaboration, enhance the synergistic effects of domestic and international markets and resources, and strive to open up a new chapter of agricultural foreign cooperation that is broader in scope, wider in fields, and deeper in level.

(19) Enhance the international competitiveness of agriculture. Encourage domestically advantageous agricultural products to participate in international competition and promote the transformation and upgrading of agricultural foreign trade. Implement initiatives to boost agricultural services trade. Optimize special management measures for foreign investment access in the agricultural sector, and leverage the pioneering roles of free trade zones and the Hainan Free Trade Port. Deepen multilateral and bilateral agricultural cooperation, and advance cooperation under the Global Development Initiative in the area of food security. Implement major international scientific programs and large-scale scientific projects in the agricultural sector. Actively engage in global governance of food and agriculture.

7. Promote the construction of livable, work-friendly, and harmonious rural areas with high quality, and enhance the modern living standards in rural communities.

Align with the goal of ensuring that rural areas basically possess modern living conditions, promote the coordinated development of material and spiritual civilization, achieve comprehensive rural revitalization, and enable farmers to lead a modern, civilized life right where they live.

(20) Continuously enhance the level of rural development. Strengthen the coordinated spatial planning at the county level to integrate the layout of towns, villages, industrial parks, and other areas, and prepare village plans in a categorized manner. Deeply implement rural construction initiatives, gradually improving the completeness of rural infrastructure, the convenience of public services, and the comfort of living environments. Promote upgrading and modernization of rural infrastructure by reinforcing the construction of rural transportation networks, water supply systems, energy systems, and new types of infrastructure. Improve the rural public service system, enhance the quality of rural education, properly run small-scale rural schools where necessary, promote the healthy development of rural medical and health services, raise the standard of elderly care services in rural areas, and establish a sound care service system for rural elderly people, left-behind women and children, and persons with disabilities. Solidly advance the “toilet revolution” in rural areas, promote the treatment of domestic sewage and waste in a region-specific and category-based manner, and establish a long-term mechanism for the maintenance of rural living environments. Prepare guidelines for enhancing the appearance and character of villages, and protect the unique features and charm of rural landscapes.

(21) Overall enhance the effectiveness of rural governance. Uphold and develop the “Fengqiao Experience” for the new era, and improve the rural governance system that integrates self-governance, rule of law, and moral governance under the leadership of Party organizations. Deeply advance efforts to strengthen Party building as a driving force for the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas; build and reinforce grassroots Party organizations in rural areas, and establish a stable funding mechanism for village-level organizational operations, primarily relying on fiscal investment. Cultivate and select leaders for village Party organizations. Promote effective coordination between grassroots discipline inspection and supervision bodies and village affairs supervisory committees. Advance the standardized development of villagers’ self-governance organizations, strengthen the building of grassroots mass organizations, and foster the healthy development of service-oriented, public-interest, and mutual-help-oriented social organizations in rural areas. Improve systems such as villagers’ meetings and villagers’ representative meetings, and refine the rural grassroots public legal service system. Establish and improve a regular mechanism for eradicating organized crime and evil forces in rural areas, and manage rural religious affairs in accordance with the law. Shift the focus of governance and services downward to the grassroots level, improve the alignment between the responsibilities, powers, and resources of townships (subdistricts), strengthen the service and management capabilities of townships (subdistricts), and promote practical and effective governance approaches. Enhance the construction of emergency management and fire safety systems at the county, township, and village levels.

(22) Deepen the building of spiritual civilization in rural areas. Promote and practice the core socialist values, expand the construction of new-era civilization practice centers, and cultivate farmers for the new era. Implement projects to foster civilized rural customs, strengthen moral education as well as incentives and constraints, and continuously advance efforts to change outdated customs and practices in rural areas. Enhance the protection and inheritance of traditional villages. Promote the revitalization of China’s traditional festivals, with farmers playing the central role in organizing the Chinese Farmers’ Harvest Festival. Implement projects to inherit and protect agricultural culture, intensifying the identification, collation, and protection and utilization of agricultural cultural heritage. Strengthen the development of a public cultural service system in rural areas and implement initiatives to bring cultural benefits to the people. Improve mechanisms for supporting rural mass arts and literature, and increase the supply of rural cultural products and services that are rich in agricultural themes, reflect the harmony, tranquility, and beauty of rural life, and capture the unique charm of farming and rural life.

8. Promote integrated urban-rural development and narrow the gap between urban and rural areas.

We must consistently regard increasing farmers’ incomes as the central task of “agriculture, rural areas, and farmers” work, allocate more resources and efforts to industrial employment, and genuinely enhance people’s well-being.

(23) Broaden channels for farmers to increase their incomes and become prosperous. Strengthen county-level industries that enrich local residents, accelerate the integration of county-level industries into the industrial, supply, and innovation chains of nearby large and medium-sized cities, and guide labor-intensive industries to gradually shift to counties. Support agricultural colleges and enterprises in providing high-quality vocational skills training, encourage specialized training programs for occupations urgently needed by migrant workers, improve cross-regional employment service mechanisms, establish regional labor cooperation platforms, and promote job creation, employment expansion, and income growth for farmers. Enhance the standardized management of rural residential land, allowing farmers to make effective use of their legally owned housing through leasing, equity participation, or cooperative arrangements. Promote the reform of bringing collectively-owned construction land for commercial purposes into the market in an orderly manner, and improve the mechanism for distributing land value-added benefits. Improve the funding mechanism for basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents, extend the coverage of the basic pension insurance system to all rural residents, raise the standard of basic pensions at an appropriate time, and refine the mechanisms for setting and dynamically adjusting minimum living standards.

(24) Promote integrated urban-rural development. Coordinate new industrialization, new urbanization, and the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas, and comprehensively enhance the integration of urban and rural planning, construction, and governance. Improve the institutional mechanisms and policy frameworks for integrated urban-rural development, promote equal exchange and two-way flow of urban and rural factors, and advance the balanced allocation of public resources. Establish sound linkages between government investment and financial and social investments, and steadily increase the proportion of land transfer revenues allocated to agriculture and rural areas. Build a unified urban-rural market for construction land, and ensure that no less than 10% of newly prepared county- and township-level land use plans allocate construction land indicators to agriculture and rural areas. Improve the supporting policy system for the urbanization of agricultural migrants, implement a system of providing basic public services based on household registration at the place of permanent residence, and ensure that eligible agricultural migrants enjoy the same rights as local registered residents in terms of social insurance, housing security, and compulsory education for their accompanying children. Take counties as an important entry point for integrated urban-rural development, and promote connectivity of urban and rural transportation networks, interlinking of power grids, and integrated passenger and freight logistics. Advance the standardization of basic public services between urban and rural areas and the alignment of related systems. Strengthen the construction of commercial systems at the county level and tap into the consumption potential of rural areas.

(25) Enhance the endogenous development momentum of poverty-alleviation areas and impoverished populations. Improve the regular mechanism for preventing a relapse into poverty and falling into poverty, covering the rural population, and establish a tiered and categorized assistance system for low-income rural residents and underdeveloped regions. Following the principles of consolidation, upgrading, revitalization, and adjustment, promote high-quality development of industries providing assistance in poverty-alleviation areas, and build an industrial system that exhibits strong growth potential and driving force. Prioritize supporting industries that link farmers, benefit farmers, and foster rural prosperity as a key focus of central financial subsidies aimed at seamlessly advancing comprehensive rural revitalization. Accelerate efforts to address infrastructure shortcomings in poverty-alleviation areas, giving priority to the planning and construction of supporting facilities needed for industrial development. Develop vocational education tailored to poverty-alleviation areas and continue implementing the “Rain Dew Plan+” employment promotion initiative. Continue to provide targeted assistance from central government agencies, deepen cooperation between eastern and western regions, and advance the “Ten Thousand Enterprises Revitalize Ten Thousand Villages” campaign. Concentrate support on counties designated by the state as key areas for rural revitalization assistance, and strengthen follow-up support for relocated poverty-alleviation populations. Deeply implement the Action Plan for Prosperity through Border Area Development and Enrichment of Ethnic Minorities. Establish and improve a long-term management mechanism for assets formed through national investment in poverty alleviation efforts.

9. Guarantee Measures

Accelerating the building of a strong agricultural country requires steadfastly upholding and strengthening the Party’s overall leadership, integrating Party leadership into every field, aspect, and link of the process of building a strong agricultural country, and ensuring that the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee are effectively implemented. Party committees and governments at all levels must attach great importance to “agriculture, rural areas, and farmers” work, firmly shoulder their principal responsibilities, place the construction of a strong agricultural country high on the agenda, incorporate it into national economic and social development plans, and ensure that all tasks related to building a strong agricultural country continue to make substantive progress. Relevant departments should strengthen policy coordination and synergy, enhance effective links among planning, projects, funding, and key factors, and avoid duplicative arrangements for construction. For the major tasks and key projects identified in this plan, priority should be given to securing land supply. We should improve the investment mechanism for rural revitalization, refine the rural financial service system, develop multi-tiered agricultural insurance, and focus on supporting critical areas and weak links in the construction of a strong agricultural country. We must intensify training for cadres working on agriculture-related issues, enhance their competence in “agriculture, rural areas, and farmers” work, and build a cadre team that is politically strong, adaptable to the requirements of the new era, and capable of serving the cause of building a strong agricultural country. We should implement a talent support program for rural revitalization, adhering to a combination of local cultivation and external recruitment, strengthening the development of agriculture-related majors in universities, improving the level of vocational education, and building a robust talent pool for the construction of a strong agricultural country. We should establish and improve a sound legal and regulatory framework for agriculture and rural areas. We should encourage economically developed provinces along the eastern coast to take the lead in becoming strong agricultural provinces; we should encourage cities and prefectures in central and western regions with relatively high economic development levels and favorable resource conditions to accelerate the building of strong agricultural cities; and we should guide counties (cities and districts) with appropriate conditions to speed up the building of strong agricultural counties, exploring differentiated and specialized development models tailored to local contexts. Major matters should be promptly reported to the Party Central Committee and the State Council in accordance with established procedures.